Gogureyeo's Missions across the Sea of Japan before Balhae’s

     Nihonshoki. the Chronicles of Japan, whose editing was finished in 720, recorded the diplomatic relations with Goguryeo, whose ruling in the northern half of Korea Peninsula lasted from 37 BC till 668 AD, as follows:

     In 570, “Goguryeo’s mission suffered the hardships of winds and waves, and drifted ashore at Koshi Province.”  (Ancient Koshi Province used to cover today’s Fukui, Ishikawa, Toyama, and Niigata Prefectures.)

     In 572, “Goguryeo’s mission arrived at Koshi Province, and presented a crow-feathered letter to the Emperor.”  (What a crow-feathered letter was is unknown.)

     In 573, “Goguryeo’s mission arrived at Koshi Province.  We repatriated them with our reply mission.”

     In 574, "Goguryeo’s mission arrived at Koshi Province.”

     In 595, “A Goguryeo’s priest, Hyeja, arrived and resided in Japan.”  (Hyeja later became a teacher of Shotoku Taishi (574-622).)

     In 610, “The Goguryeo King presented priests, Damjing and Beobjeong.”  (They brought the arts of paper making and those of making Chinese ink sticks.)

     In 615, “A Goguryeo’s priest, Hyeja, returned home.”

     In 618, “The Goguryeo King, in commemoration of the victory against Zui Dynasty China, presented captives, music instruments, catapult rocks, camels, and etc.”

     In 625, “The Goguryeo King presented a priest, Hyegwan.”

     In 660, "Goguryeo’s mission arrived at Tsukushi Province.”

     In 662, “Goguryeo complained of the menace of Tang Dynasty China.”

     In 668, “Goryeo, sent a mission through the route of Koshi, and presented national products."